Chapter 6 / Unit 2 Section A Periodic Table of elements

1. Assign # 50 pts. Chapter 6 / Unit 2 Section APeriodic Table of elements

3. Periodic Table • Periodic Table – An arrangement of elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties.

4. Periodic Table • Periodic Table – An arrangement of elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties. “periodic” means in a regular repeated pattern

5. Periodic Table Periods – • The horizontal rows of the periodic table where the properties of the elements change in a pattern from left to right.

6. Periodic Table Periods – • The horizontal rows of the periodic table where the properties of the elements change in a pattern from left to right. • Periods equal the number of electron shells or energy levels

7. Periodic Table Groups (families) – • The vertical columns of the periodic table consisting of elements with similar properties.

8. Periodic Table Groups (families) – • The vertical columns of the periodic table consisting of elements with similar properties. • Columns equal the number of electrons in the outside shell or orbital (valence electrons)

9. Periodic Table Groups (families) – • The vertical columns of the periodic table consisting of elements with similar properties. • Columns equal the number of electrons in the outside shell or orbital (valence electrons)

10. Periodic Table Groups (families) – • The vertical columns of the periodic table consisting of elements with similar properties. • Columns equal the number of electrons in the outside shell or orbital (valence electrons)

13. Metals Metals – • All elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat, and also tend to be shiny and bendable.

14. Metals Metals – • All elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat, and also tend to be shiny and bendable. • The left and center sides of periodic table

15. Metals Metals – • All elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat, and also tend to be shiny and bendable. • The left and center sides of periodic table

16. Metals Characteristics of Metals – • Luster – shiny in appearance • Malleable – hammered into thin sheets or shapes • Ductile – can be drawn into wires

17. Metals Characteristics of Metals – • Luster – shiny in appearance • Malleable – hammered into thin sheets or shapes • Ductile – can be drawn into wires

18. Metals Characteristics of Metals – • Luster – shiny in appearance • Malleable – hammered into thin sheets or shapes • Ductile – can be drawn into wires

19. Metals Characteristics of Metals – • Thermal conductivity – transfer heat • Electrical conductivity– transfer electricity

20. Metals Characteristics of Metals – • Thermal conductivity – transfer heat • Electrical conductivity– transfer electricity

21. Nonmetals Nonmetals – • All elements that lack most properties of metals. They are poor conductors of electricity and heat and are dull and brittle.

22. Nonmetals Nonmetals – • All elements that lack most properties of metals. They are poor conductors of electricity and heat and are dull and brittle. • They make up a small portion of the right side of the periodic table

23. Nonmetals Nonmetals – • All elements that lack most properties of metals. They are poor conductors of electricity and heat and are dull and brittle. • They make up a small portion of the right side of the periodic table

24. Chemical Families – Semi-metals Semi-metals (metalloids) – Elements between metals and nonmetals that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

25. Chemical Families – Semi-metals Semi-metals (metalloids) – Elements between metals and nonmetals that have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Many serve as Semiconductors -Substances that can conduct electric current under some conditions but not other conditions.

26. Chemical Families – Semi-metals Semi-metals (metalloids) – Elements between metals and nonmetals that have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Many serve as Semiconductors -Substances that can conduct electric current under some conditions but not other conditions.

27. Chemical Families Li = 1s22s1 Be = 1s22s2 B = 1s22s22p1 C = 1s22s22p2 N = 1s22s22p3 O = 1s22s22p4 F = 1s22s22p5 • Representative Elements: Groups 1A – Groups 7A s and p sublevels of highest energy level are not filled. Containing from 1 to 7 valence electrons

28. Chemical Families • Representative Elements: Groups 1A – Groups 7A s and p sublevels of highest energy level are not filled. Containing from 1 to 7 valence electrons

29. Chemical Families Li = 1s22s1 Be = 1s22s2 B = 1s22s22p1 C = 1s22s22p2 N = 1s22s22p3 O = 1s22s22p4 F = 1s22s22p5

30. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds.

31. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds.

32. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds.

33. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds.

34. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds. • From al aqali meaning “the ashes”

35. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds. • From al aqali meaning “the ashes” • 1 electron in outside energy level • Li = 1s22s1

36. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds. • From al aqali meaning “the ashes” • 1 electron in outside energy level • Li = 1s22s1 • Na =1s22s22p63s1

37. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Metals – The very reactive metals in Group 1 which react by losing one electron and are so reactive they are never found uncombined only found in compounds. Include – Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr

38. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Earth Metals – The metals in Group 2. They react by losing two electrons and are hard, gray-white, and good conductors.

39. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Earth Metals – The metals in Group 2. They react by losing two electrons and are hard, gray-white, and good conductors.

40. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Earth Metals – The metals in Group 2. They react by losing two electrons and are hard, gray-white, and good conductors. • 2 electrons in outside energy level • Be = 1s22s2

41. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Earth Metals – The metals in Group 2. They react by losing two electrons and are hard, gray-white, and good conductors. • 2 electrons in outside energy level • Be = 1s22s2

42. Chemical Families - Metals Alkali Earth Metals – The metals in Group 2. They react by losing two electrons and are hard, gray-white, and good conductors. - They include Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra

43. Chemical Families – Nonmetals Halogens – The Group 17 (VII A) elements which means “salt forming” and includes fluorine, chlorine, and bromine.

44. Chemical Families – Nonmetals Halogens – The Group 17 (VII A) elements which means “salt forming” and includes fluorine, chlorine, and bromine.

45. Chemical Families – Nonmetals Halogens – The Group 17 (VII A) elements which means “salt forming” and includes fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. All are very reactive and volatile as diatomic substances.

46. Chemical Families – Nonmetals Halogens – The Group 17 (VII A) elements which means “salt forming” and includes fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. All are very reactive and volatile as diatomic substances. F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

47. Chemical Families – Nonmetals Noble Gases (Inert gases) – The unreactive elements in Group 18 (VIII A) All contain filled outer electron shells.

48. Chemical Families – Nonmetals Noble Gases (Inert gases) – The unreactive elements in Group 18 (VIII A) All contain filled outer electron shells. He = 1s2 Ne = 1s22s22p6 Ar = 1s22s22p63s23p6

49. Chemical Families – Nonmetals Noble Gases (Inert gases) – The unreactive elements in Group 18 (VIII A) All contain filled outer electron shells. Glow when zapped with electric current

50. Chemical Families – Semi-metals Semi-metals (metalloids) – Elements between metals and nonmetals that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.