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POETRY

POETRY. What is poetry?. The use of sound, structure, and figurative language to communicate a message or emotion. SOUND. What is sound? Anything you can hear words music dogs barking a sneeze the buzzing of a bee thunder your pulse rustling leaves …you get the picture!. SOUND.

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POETRY

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  1. POETRY

  2. What is poetry? • The use of sound, structure, and figurative language to communicate a message or emotion.

  3. SOUND • What is sound? • Anything you can hear • words • music • dogs barking • a sneeze • the buzzing of a bee • thunder • your pulse • rustling leaves • …you get the picture!

  4. SOUND • Why do poets use sound? • To be cool • To evoke emotions • To make language seem more like music • To be more creative and imaginative with language

  5. SOUND DEVICES • A sound device is the name for one of the many different ways poets can use the sound of words to enhance a poem.

  6. SOUND DEVICE • alliteration • the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of nearby words

  7. SOUND DEVICE • assonance • the repetition of vowel sounds at the beginning of nearby words

  8. SOUND DEVICE • onomatopoeia • when a word sounds like what it is • ex. buzz, whisper, crackle, pop

  9. SOUND DEVICE • euphony • pleasant-sounding words and phrases

  10. SOUND DEVICE • cacophony • unpleasant sounds, words or phrases

  11. SOUND DEVICE • homophone • a word that sounds the same as another word

  12. SOUND DEVICE • repetition • any word, phrase, or line in a poem that is repeated more than once

  13. SOUND DEVICE • parallelism • a grammatical or syntactical structure that is repeated in items in a list • ex. I enjoy cooking, swimming, and traveling.(all end in -ing) • ex. Over the river, through the woods, to grandmother’s house we go.(all begin with a preposition)

  14. SOUND DEVICE • anaphora • when a series of lines or phrases begin with the same word or words

  15. SOUND DEVICE • rhyme • two or more words that end with same sound • eg. click/brick, scary/fairy

  16. SOUND DEVICE • internal rhyme • when words inside of the same line rhyme

  17. SOUND DEVICE • end rhyme • when words at the end of lines rhyme

  18. SOUND DEVICE • rhythm • the beat of a poem • (if you can tap your foot to it, it has rhythm)

  19. SOUND DEVICE • tone • the modulation of the voice to express a particular feeling

  20. STRUCTURE • What is structure? • How the poem looks on the page • often involves the manipulation of letters, words, lines, stanzas, etc. • “fixed form” poems follow certain rules

  21. STRUCTURE • Why do poets use structure? • Personal preference • To be creative • To fit the purpose or audience • To add layers of meaning; for example, using a rigid or fixed form might reflect the author’s feelings about his topic in some way

  22. STRUCTURE • syllable • one beat • ex. cat = 1 syll. tiger = 2 syll. chimpanzee = 3 syll.

  23. STRUCTURE • line • ??? • stanza • a group of lines • couplet = 2 lines • tercet = 3 lines • quatrain = 4 lines • cinquain = 5 lines • sestet = 6 lines

  24. STRUCTURE • refrain • a line that is repeated throughout a poem

  25. STRUCTURE • rhyme scheme • a pattern of words that rhyme at the ends of lines • letters are used to map out the pattern

  26. STRUCTURE • end stop • when a sentence ends at the end of a line • enjambment • when a sentence continues onto the next line without any punctuation at the end of the line

  27. STRUCTURE • typography • the manipulation of letters for style or meaning; for example, choosing to capitalize or not capitalize certain words relates to typography

  28. STRUCTURE • form • a specific type of poem that has certain rules about line length, number of stanzas, etc.

  29. STRUCTURE • acrostic • a poem built around a word spelled vertically

  30. STRUCTURE • blank verse • a poem with ten syllables on each line but no rhyme scheme (this is the form that Shakespeare used in all his plays; the term appears on CDA#3, but isn’t really used by many American poets)

  31. STRUCTURE • concrete • a poem that makes a picture with words

  32. STRUCTURE • haiku • Japanese poem with three lines and 5-7-5 syllable pattern

  33. STRUCTURE • limerick • a five-lined poem with AABBA rhyme scheme and set rhythm

  34. STRUCTURE • sonnet • a 14-lined poem divided into 3 quatrains plus 1 couplet and usually with an ABAB CDCD EFEF GG rhyme scheme

  35. STRUCTURE • villanelle • a 19-line poem with 5 tercets plus 1 quatrain and 2 refrain lines repeated at the end of various stanzas

  36. STRUCTURE • sestina • a 39-line poem with 6 sestets plus 1 tercet in which the words at the end of each line in the first stanza are repeated at the end of lines in subsequent stanzas

  37. STRUCTURE • free verse • a poem that does not have a fixed form

  38. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • What is figurative language? • a word or phrase that has multiple layers of meaning

  39. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • Why do poets use figurative language? • To add layers of meaning to a text • To demonstrate their craft and skill • To compare one thing to another

  40. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • allusion • a reference to something famous

  41. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • hyperbole • an extreme exaggeration

  42. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • imagery • the use of words that evoke the five senses

  43. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • metaphor • a comparison between two things without using like or as • extended metaphor • a metaphor that continues throughout the poem rather than just once

  44. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • oxymoron • a pair of opposite words

  45. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • personification • when nonhuman things do human things

  46. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • simile • a comparison between two things using like or as

  47. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • symbolism • the use of objects to represent ideas

  48. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE • synesthesia • the confusion or combination of the senses • ex. The cookies look delicious.(combines sight & taste)

  49. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

  50. Ok, now prove you get the terms….

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