1. North America Chapter 3 Section 1 Physical Geography

2. Bell Ringer • Page 81 • Which two of the three countries in this region share the Great Plains? • What reason can there be for the differences in climate across the Great Plains? • What methods might be used for transporting goods out of the Great Plains? • The United States & Canada • Southern part is warmer due to lower latitude (nearer the equator) • River in the U.S., Rail in Canada

3. North America Physical Geography • North America: Canada, United States, Mexico • Great Plains: flat land making up most of the center of North America • Plateaus: flat lands of high elevation • Rivers & Lakes: Major cities developed on the Ohio, Mississippi, Rio Grande. Great Lakes form the largest body of fresh water in the world.

4. The Great Plains Agriculture • 1930s – Dust Bowl • Commercial Agriculture Energy Resources • Oil • Natural Gas • Wind

5. Western Mountains & Deserts Landforms & Climate • Cordillera: several mountain ranges running parallel to one another(Rocky Mts. & Sierra Nevada) • In between Rocky Mts & Sierra Nevada is Great Basin (desert, dry) • Grand Canyon: Southwest U.S. • Rainshadow: warm moist air from ocean going up one side of mountain. Dry air going down other side.

6. You Do! • Exploring the Yucatan Page 87 • 0 • Write a Paragraph using the questions as prompts. • Why is Meacham’s work important for the Yucatan Peninsula? • What impact does human behavior have on the environment in the Yucatan?

7. Essential Question • What are the significant physical features of North America? • The Great Plains, Mountains, Deserts, Plateaus, Rivers, Lakes

8. Bell Ringer January 31, 2018 • Page 117 • After English, what is the next major language spoken in the U.S. and Canada? • What do the top two languages spoken in Canada say about its history? • Which languages might have a higher number of speakers in the U.S. in the future? • United States: Spanish, Canada: French • Canada was colonized by Britain & France • Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog ( most immigrants today)

9. Diversity Diversity – major feature of U.S. & Canadian culture • Indigenous: Native tribes • Africans: were brought as slaves • Immigrants: all parts of the world • Tolerance: important American value

10. Mass Media Traditional Media: • Newspaper – 1800s -> today • radio – 1920s -> today • T.V. 1950s-> today Today: • Constant personal devices – Internet – 2000s • Smart phones, global, mobile • Social Media

11. Changing Economy in U.S. & Canada Similarities: • Early 1800s – Live off the land (farming, mining, logging, fishing) • Late 1800s – Industrial Revolution (Manufacturing) • 1950s – Service Industry (Healthcare, teaching, banking, etc) • Today – Information Technology (always changing – Dynamic) • 8 of 10 homes in U.S. & Canada have computers Differences: Canada’s Businesses – more regulated by gov’t

12. You Do Activity Page 121 • Analyze: What do you expect to see on an assembly line that is missing from the photo? How might this technology affect jobs? • Synthesize: What similarities and differences do you notice in the photos? • Infer: In what ways can new technologies affect a country’s economy? • There are no people on the assembly line. Machines are being used to do work that was once done by people. Using only machine might increase unemployment. • Both photos show machinery being used to make a product. The automotive parts are being assembled by machine; a person runs the fiber optic cable assembly • Create Jobs; require different skills, increase production –so more people are needed for shipping and service.

13. Essential Question • What Issues do the U.S. and Canada face today? • Diversity, Tolerance, Technology, Changing Economy, New Energy Sources

14. Bell Ringer February 1, 2018 Page 123 • Which alternative energy sources depend on physical geography and in what ways? • What issues prevent alternative energy sources from being used? • Which alternative energy source is the most promising? • Water, wind, solar, geothermal • Nuclear: radioactive waste, ethanol: land availability, solar/wind: cannot produce on demand

15. Finding New Energy Sources Oil Supply & Demand • Petroleum is nonrenewable • Rising prices slow economic growth • 2018-2019 Prices low, Drilling & Fracking have grown, economy is great

16. Finding New Energy Sources Alternative Solutions • Nuclear Power: long time to build and expensive • Ethanol: uses agriculture for fuel rather than food • Solar Panels & Wind: cannot always produce on demand • Electric – Hybrid: fuel cells/ hydrogen/oxygen

17. Around the World ! • Brazil: leader in ethanol • Britain: only low wattage bulbs • France: nuclear power • Denmark: coal produces electricity & hot water • New Zealand: geothermal

18. Essential Question • What has the demand for nonrenewable energy sources led humans to explore? • We are exploring many renewable energy sources

19. Bell Ringer February 2, 2018 Data Lab – Page 129 • Based on the graph, which economic sector has grown the most? • How might NAFTA account for the growth in agriculture between 1990 & 2009? • Why is tourism important to Mexico? • The Service Sector • The development of cash crops grown for export may have increased growth in agriculture since 1990 • Tourism is an important part of Mexico’s economy

20. Mexico – Blending of Cultures • Mexican Culture: blend of Native American & Spanish • Mestizos: Largest population group, Mexicans of mixed ancestry • Spanish: language 90% • Religion: Roman Catholic 90% • Day of the Dead: native tradition honoring ancestors

21. Modern Mexico • Mexico is now an Urban nation • ¾ people live in the cities • Mexico City: capital city • Aztec & Mayan Art & Artifacts • Some people are still traditional in rural areas (vaqueros – cowboys)

22. Impact of Globalization • Globalization: development of a world economy based on free trade and the use of labor from other countries • NAFTA: increased trade 300%, favors commercial farms • Economic Challenge: many poor people cant find work Mexican businesses have Outsourced jobs

23. Reaching Toward Democracy • Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI): 1929 – 2000 • Rebellion: Zapatista Liberation Army 1994 – seized many states • 1996: Election reforms – more fair voting • Multi-Party Democracy – candidates from more than one party • Challenges: Drug Cartels & Zapatistas • Positive Trend: Literacy on rise

24. Essential Question • How has globalization affected Mexico? • Although the economy has grown – many industries have outsourced their job for cheap labor. Mexico’s poor are migrating to the U.S.

25. Bell Ringer February 3, 2017 • Interpret Tables – Page 132 – Question 18 & 19 • What trend do you see in the overall trade balance from 2006 – 2008? • If the U.S. eliminated its trade deficit with Canada & Mexico, would that have much effect on the overall trade balance? Why? • The trend was for the deficit to go down • The Deficit would decrease by about 20%, but the overall trade deficit would remain very large

26. Chapter 3 & 4 Review • A diverse mix of races, religions, language, & nationalities are found in what two countries of North America? • Canada & the U.S. • Define Immigrant: • A person who takes up permanent residence in another country • Define Tolerance: • An American value of accepting others’ views

27. Spanish is the second most popular language spoken in what NA country? • The U.S. • French is the second most popular language spoken in what NA country? • Canada • The Newspaper was the first Mass Media that was popular across America during what time period? • The 1800s & 1900s

28. What Mass Media has contributed greatly toward a Global Culture? • The Internet • Which country’s businesses are much more regulated by the government – U.S. or Canada? • Canada • When & Where did the Industrial Revolution take place in North America? • During the 1800s in the U.S. & Canada

29. Between 2000-2007, Banks granting large loans to businesses that were not repaid led to what? • The Great Recession • Great Plains: • Flat areas of land that make up most of the center of North America • Great Lakes: • Largest body of freshwater in the world • Rio Grande River: • A natural border between the United States and Mexico

30. What major crop is grown on the Great Plains? • Grain • What is the desert area located between the Sierra Nevada Mts. and the Rocky Mts, caused by the Rain shadow Effect? • The Great Basin • Petroleum: • The raw material used to create oil products • Wind Turbine: • An engine powered by wind to generate electricity

31. Ethanol: • A fuel obtained from plants that can be used alone or blended with gasoline • Hybrid Vehicle: • A vehicle that can run using either an electric motor or a gas-powered engine • Manufacturing: • Using machines to make raw materials into a usable product

32. What will be some effects of low oil supply for the world? • Turning to alternative forms of energy (nuclear, wind, solar,ethanol) • Competiveness among nations • Rising oil prices • What wasNAFTA? What effect has it had on Mexico? • North America Free Trade Agreement 1994 • Trade increased 300% • Favors commercial farming

33. Why are Canada & the U.S. so diverse in population and Mexico is not? • Canada and the U.S. have many immigrants due to our successful economy and lifestyle. People want to come to our countries. • Does the U.S. have a positive or negative trade balance with other countries? Why? • Negative because we buy more from other countries than they buy from us.