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World War II

World War II. Ch. 23 & 24. Path to WWII. 1935- Germany re-establishes military conscription Violation of Treaty of Versailles 1936- Germany occupy the Rhineland (Alsace-Lorraine) 1938- Germany anschluss (union) w/ Austria 1938- Appeasement by British Prime Minister

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World War II

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  1. World War II Ch. 23 & 24

  2. Path to WWII • 1935- Germany re-establishes military conscription • Violation of Treaty of Versailles • 1936- Germany occupy the Rhineland (Alsace-Lorraine) • 1938- Germany anschluss (union) w/ Austria • 1938- Appeasement by British Prime Minister • 1938- Germany occupies Sudenland • 1939- Germany invades Poland

  3. Atlantic Charter • Signed between US and Britain • No territorial gain • No territories changed without peoples desire • Right of people to choose govt. • Abandonment of Nation’s use of force

  4. European Theatre • Wolf Packs • Rommel sent to Africa • Nickname “desert fox” • Meant to reinforce Italian army • Italy surrendered 1943 • Luftwaffe • German air force • Carpet Bombing • Large number of bombs scattered over a wide area • Memphis Belle

  5. Major Battles • Battle of Stalingrad • Germany Advanced to major railroad in Stalingrad in Oct. 1942 • Russia stood and cut off Germany in November • 90K Germans surrendered • Operation Overlord • General Eisenhower leader • June 6, 1944 D-Day Invasion • Hitler believed major offensive to be at Chalis, not Normandy.

  6. Major Battles • Battle of the Bulge • Counter offensive by Hitler with Rommel tanks. • Created a bulge in Allied lines at Belgium and Luxembourg.

  7. German Surrender • April 30, 1945 • Hitler commits suicide in bunker in Berlin • May 8, 1945 Final troops surrender • V-E Day • Victory in Europe Day • Yalta Conference • Germany split into four zones • Eastern countries allowed elections • Russia to enter war against Japan within three months of surrender.

  8. Pacific Theater • Japan bombs Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941. • Kamikaze Attacks • Ultimate pride to sacrifice life by ramming plane into enemy strapped with bombs • Bataan Death March • 70,000 POW’s marched 63 miles. • 7 to 10K died along the march

  9. Island hopping Strategy of attacking and conquering one island at a time before moving on. Battle of Midway Japan attacked American base on island of Midway. Japan had more ships and carriers. Americans received advance notice of attack and were able to defeat superior force and crippled the remaining Japanese fleet Battle of Iwo Jima Island of Iwo Jima was seen as sacred soil- extension of Japan. 20,000 Japanese fought to the death over several weeks Battle of Okinawa Located only 350 miles from mainland Japan. Over 110,000 Japanese lost their lives attempting to hold onto the island Major Battles

  10. Manhattan Project • Tests conducted in Los Alamos, NM. • Robert Oppenheimer, Neils Bohr, Enrico Fermi and German defect, Albert Einstein created atomic bomb. • Research conducted over 6 years and spent 2 Billion dollars

  11. Decision to drop Atomic Bomb • Harry S. Truman became President after FDR’s death during his fourth consecutive Presidential term in 1945. • 3 Strategies for Japanese surrender • Massive Invasion • Embargo • Atomic Bomb • Enola Gay • August 6, 1945 American B-29 dropped Bomb on Hiroshima killing 80,000 • Second Bomb dropped on Nagasaki killing 40,000 on August 9th

  12. Japan’s Surrender • V-J Day • Victory over Japan • August 15, 1945 • Formal Surrender occurred on Sept 2, 1945 aboard the USS Missouri

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