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World War II

World War II. Major Battles and Events. Blitzkrieg - “Lightening War”. German attack on Poland September 1, 1939 - first blitzkrieg Successful military strategy for Germany - airplanes and tanks supported by infantry. Battle of Britain - “the Blitz”. German air bombing campaign of Britain

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World War II

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  1. World War II Major Battles and Events

  2. Blitzkrieg - “Lightening War” • German attack on Poland • September 1, 1939 - first blitzkrieg • Successful military strategy for Germany - airplanes and tanks supported by infantry

  3. Battle of Britain - “the Blitz” • German air bombing campaign of Britain • September 1940 - May 1941 • Bombings targeted major British cities, especially London • Hitler called off raids, allies learned Hitler could be stopped

  4. From 1935-1937, the U.S. passed a series of Neutrality Acts (They were practicing isolationism!)

  5. March 1941- Tobruk, Libya • Rommel is sent by Hitler to defeat British forces • By June of 1942, he suceeded

  6. Battle in the Balkans • Bulgaria, Romania & Hungary fall to Germany with barely any resistance • April 1941- Hitler invades Yugoslavia (11 days) & Greece (17 days).

  7. Summer 1941- USSR • Germany turns on USSR and begins attack June 22- OPERATION BARBAROSSA • Soviets practices scorched-earth policy • September- Leningrad under siege

  8. December 7, 1941 - “a date that will live in infamy” • Japanese attack on U.S. • Pearl Harbor Naval base, Hawaii • The next day, U.S. declared war on Japan, becomes involved in World War II

  9. Bataan Death March • April, 1942 • Philippines • 56,000 - 75,000 American and Filipino POWs marched north by Japanese

  10. Forced to march 60 mi while being beaten by Japanese soldiers. • Many were buried alive if they did not move fast enough • Japanese organizers of March were executed by Allies in 1946

  11. Doolittle’s RaidApril 1941 • Bombed the Japanese home islands (including city of Tokyo) • Proved that Japan was vulnerable

  12. Battle of Coral SeaMay 4-8, 1942 • The Japanese were advancing to the South • U.S. Naval carriers used aircraft to stop them

  13. Battle of Midway • June 3-6, 1942 • U.S. v. Japan • Midway Island, in the Pacific • The U.S. were outnumbered 4-1 in ships and planes, but they won • Turning point of war against the Japanese

  14. Guadalcanal August 1942- February 1943 • First major offensive of the Allies vs. Japan

  15. Battle of Stalingrad • Germany v. USSR (Soviet Union) • August 23, 1942 - February 2, 1943 • The Russian winter set in • The Germans couldn’t survive the elements (same mistake Napoleon made!)

  16. Germany surrendered to Soviets, Germans were pushed back west • Turning point on Eastern Front

  17. Battle of El Amin • October 1942 • Germany is defeated by Britain • Led to the 1943 surrender in N. Africa

  18. D-Day - “Operation Overlord” • U.S, Canada, Britain v. Germany • June 6, 1944 • Beaches of Normandy, France (Sword, Juno, Gold, Omaha, Utah) • France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg liberated from Nazi occupation

  19. 3,000 American soldiers alone died • July 25- Allies finally cut a hole in German defense • August 25- Allies march into Paris, victorious.

  20. Battle of the Bulge • U.S., British v. Germany • December 16, 1944 • Belgium • Last major German offensive of World War II • Allies push the Germans back

  21. April 30/May 1, 1945- After swallowing poison, Hitler shoots himself • May 2- Germany surrenders • May 7- U.S. General Dwight Eisenhower accepts Germany’s unconditional surrender • May 8- surrender is officially signed • V-E Day

  22. Battle of Iwo Jima • U.S. v. Japan • February 19 - March 26, 1945 (36 days) • Bloodiest battle of WWII • Americans took the island from the Japanese

  23. Battle of Okinawa • U.S. v. Japan • April 1 - June 22, 1945 • Okinawa - Pacific Island • Largest amphibious assault in the Pacific Theater • After long, bloody battle, U.S. took the island • Last battle of WWII

  24. Invading Japan may have cost the U.S. the lives of about 500,000 soldiers. • FDR had died in April before the Allied victory against Germany • President Truman sent a warning to Japan to surrender, but Japan did not reply.

  25. Hiroshima • August 6, 1945 • Site of 1st atomic bomb drop on Japan • 73,000 dead • 114,000 total (radiation and after effects)

  26. Nagasaki • August 9, 1945 • Second atomic bomb dropped • 37,500 killed • Japan surrendered, September 2, 1945 to U.S. General MacArthur.

  27. Nuremberg Trials • Nuremberg, Germany • Trials of Nazi war criminals • Began in 1946 - last trial…2009 • Some sentenced to prison, some executed (hung) and bodies burned in oven at concentration camps

  28. The nations that came together wanted to make sure that crimes against humanity like the Holocaust would never happen again. • June 1945: The formation of the United Nations (U.N.) • Intended to protect its members against aggression

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