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Challenges in the Evolving Middle East: A Focus on Syrian Refugees in Jordan and Lebanon

The Middle East faces critical challenges due to the Syrian refugee crisis, with Jordan hosting around 250,000 Syrian refugees, including an estimated 100,000 undocumented individuals. Zaatari Camp, home to 50,000 refugees, struggles with limited access to education and healthcare. This humanitarian crisis costs Jordan approximately $800 million in 2013. Meanwhile, Lebanon has 212,000 Syrian refugees, with projections of 500,000 by year-end, threatening economic stability and security. The rising inflation and crumbling infrastructure in Syria further exacerbate regional tensions.

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Challenges in the Evolving Middle East: A Focus on Syrian Refugees in Jordan and Lebanon

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  1. Challenges for a Changing Middle East

  2. Jordan • -250,000 Syrian Refugees • Approx.100,000 undocumented • Zaatari Camp • Population of 50,000 • Access to education, health care and other social welfare programs • Cost to maintain Refugee population in 2012: 600 Million; Estimated to reach 800 million in 2013 • Current Unemployment Rate in Jordan: 14% Source: BBC

  3. Lebanon • No permanent camps • Only temporary settlements (Bekaa Valley) • 212,000 Syrian Refugees • Est. 500,000 by the end of 2013 • Placing a burden on the economy as well as exacerbating security concerns • Projected $ 300 million deficit in Lebanon’s 2013 budget • Sectarian balance desrupted • My experiences working and living in Beirut, Lebanon. Source: UNHCR

  4. Syria • Rising inflation • The Syrian Pound now stands at 70 SYP to 1 USD • - Rise in prices of basic amenities: food, cooking oil, gas, etc. • Infrastructure in ruins • Power Outages • Gas Pipelines, Power Stations have been attacked • Syria’s strategic location offers Mediterranean access to neighboring landlocked nations in search of markets for exporting their hydrocarbon products (i.e. Iraq) Source: TIME

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