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CELLS

Delve into the fascinating realm of cells - the small units that drive all life activities. Explore eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, cytology, and the profound contributions of historical figures to cell biology. Learn about the Cell Theory, levels of biological organization, organelles, tissues, organs, and organ systems. Discover the intricate web of life from organisms to ecosystems. Think big, starting from the minute cells!

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CELLS

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  1. CELLS The Building Blocks of Life

  2. What is a Cell? • Small units that carry out all of an organism’s life activities.

  3. Eukaryotic – plant & animal Nucleus (protects DNA) Prokaryotic – bacteria No nucleus (DNA floating inside cell) Plant, Animal and Bacterial Cells

  4. Eukaryotic (plant & animal cells)

  5. Prokaryotic(bacterial cells)

  6. Cytology • The branch of life science, which deals with the study of cells in terms of structure, function and chemistry. • Cytopathology: the study of cellular disease and the use of cellular changes for the diagnosis of disease. • Cell Biology: the study of (normal) cellular anatomy, function and chemistry.

  7. Hooke Leeuwenhoek Virchow Schleiden Schwann Important Contributions

  8. Robert Hooke Anton van Leeuwenhoek Mathias Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rudolph Virchow Discovered cells when he looked at cork. Discovered bacteria and protists. Studied plants and plant cells. Studied animals and animal cells. Discovered that living cells only come from other living cells. Who Did What?

  9. The Cell Theory • All organisms are composed of one or more CELLS. • The cell is the basic unit of LIFE in all living things. • All cells come from EXISTING cells.

  10. Cells . . . The Building Blocks of Life.

  11. Levels of Biological Organization

  12. Bacteria Somatic Cells Skin Bone Muscle Red blood White blood Cheek Leaf Sex Cells Egg Sperm The Cell

  13. Unicellular Made of a single cell. Multicellular Made of many cells. Organelles “Tiny Organs” Structures within a cell that help it live, grow and reproduce. All cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and DNA (nuclear material). The Cell

  14. Tissues Several cells working together. Cells working in teams. Ex. – muscle, nerve xylem, phloem Organs Several tissues working together. Ex. – stomach, heart, leaf, roots, stem Tissues & Organs

  15. Organ Systems Organs working together. Ex. – digestive, respiratory, nervous, excretory, cardiovascular, leaf & root system Organisms Independent living; any living thing. Ex. – animal, plant, fungi, protists, bacteria Organ Systems & Organisms

  16. Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere Organisms of the same kind living in the same area; deer in a forest, fungi growing on a rotting log. Two or more populations living in the same area; foxes, oak trees, lizards & flowers in a forest. Communities of living organisms and abiotic factors in an area; rivers, lakes, small forests, prairies, your own backyard. Ecosystems co-existing in a large geographical area; deciduous forest, tundra, desert, marine. The Earth and surrounding atmosphere supporting all life. Think Big . . .

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