Parts of Speech

1. Introducing… Parts of Speech Click on the arrow to go to the next slide.

2. Introduction Every word in the English language falls into one or more categories. These categories determine how a word functions in a sentence to produce meaning. These categories are called the parts of speech. The basic parts of speech are: noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, conjunction, preposition, and interjection. Click this arrow to go back one slide… Or this arrow to go to the next slide.

3. Objectives By the end of this tutorial, you should be able to: Recognize the eight parts of speech Identify the parts of speech in sentences

4. Directions In the first section, you will be introduced to the eight parts of speech and examples of each. You must correctly answer a multiple choice question about each term before moving on to the next. But don’t worry – you’ll be given a chance to review and re-do a question if you answer incorrectly.

5. Ready? Click the “Go” button to begin.

6. Definition: Noun A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns can be either common or proper. Nouns are also either concrete or abstract.

7. Definition: Common Noun Examples: A common noun names any person, place, thing, or idea. Common nouns are NOT capitalized. girl, school, team, happiness

8. Definition: Proper Noun Examples: A proper noun names a specific person, place, thing, or idea. Proper nouns are capitalized. Ms. Altermatt, Millennium Middle School, Detroit Tigers

9. Definition: Concrete Noun A concrete noun names something you see, hear, smell, taste, or touch. In other words, concrete nouns are nouns you can experience through your senses. Examples: girl, Ms. Altermatt, school, Millennium Middle School, team, Detroit Tigers

10. Definition: Abstract Noun An abstract noun names ideas, feelings, and characteristics Examples: bravery, love, happiness

11. Examples: • boy, school, pen (common) • Johnny, Millennium Middle School, Sharpie (proper) • girl, bedroom, tree (concrete) • love, daydream, boredom (abstract) Noun

12. Another example: Jennifer realized that summer was over when a cool breeze blew as the sun slowly set. Noun

13. Which of the following has all the nouns correctly underlined?(Click on the circle to select your answer.) I saw the white bird flying in the sky. The sight of the white bird flying in the sky was breathtaking. The whitebird soared over the bustling city. Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

14. Try Again Remember: A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. A noun often has a describing word right in front of it. Click the arrow to try again.

15. “The sight of the white bird flying in the sky was breathtaking,” has the nouns correctly underlined. Sight is an abstract noun. It is a thing, but you cannot touch it. Bird is also a thing. Sky is a place. You’re Right! Click the arrow to continue.

16. Definition: Verb Verbs can be either action verbs or linking verbs. A verb is a word that expresses an action or a state of being.

17. Definition: Action Verb An action verb is a word that shows an action. Examples: crashed, swim, writes, sings, painted

18. Definition: State of Being Verb A state of being verb, or linking verb, is a word that connects a noun, pronoun, or adjective to its subject. Examples: am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been

19. More examples: The wind blows through the air. (Action) She leaped out of her seat. (Action) She is a beautiful baby. (State of Being) He feltsad that day. (State of Being) His temper wasexplosive. (State of Being) Verb

20. Which of the following does NOT contain an example of a state of being verb?(Click on a sentence to select your answer.) He is in the hall. He was late for class. He ran down the hall. Read the question carefully before answering! Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

21. Try Again Take another look at the possible answers. He is in the hall. He was late for class. He ran down the hall. There are 2 types of verbs – action and state of being Action verbs show what someone or something is doing State of being verbs show the condition or position something is in. Which one of the above sentences does not show state of being? Click the arrow to try again.

22. You’re Right! “He ran down the hall” does not show state of being because “ran” is an action. It is what “he” is doing. Click the arrow to continue.

23. Adjective Definition: An adjective is a word used to describe or modify a noun.

24. A, an, and the are special adjectives called articles. Adjective This, that, these, and those are called demonstrative adjectives. • Examples: • The scared, young girl stood on the stage. • Thisred McIntosh apple has afat, green worm in it. More information:

25. Which of the following has all the adjectives correctly underlined?(Click on the circle to select your answer.) The lazy dog sat on the soft cushion. Thelazy dog sat on that soft cushion. The German shepherd chewed on thesofa cushion. TheGerman shepherd chewed on thatsofa cushion. Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

26. Try Again • The lazy dog sat on the soft cushion. • Thelazy dog sat on that soft cushion. • The German shepherd chewed on thesofa cushion. • TheGerman shepherd chewed on thatsofa cushion. Take another look at these examples. Remember: All of the following words are adjectives -- a, an, the, this, that, these, and those Click the arrow to try again.

27. You’re Right! “TheGerman shepherd chewed on thatsofa cushion,” has the adjectives underlined correctly. German describes the type of shepherd, sofa describes the cushion, the is an article, and that is a demonstrative adjective.

28. Adverb Brad walked veryquickly to class. Proudly, Ashley beamed after getting her science test back. Finally, the bell rang to end the day. Six swans swam serenelyin the pond. Take a look at the following sentences where the adverbs are correctly underlined. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.

29. Have you figured it out yet? Here are more examples to help refine your definition. Adverb Contains an adverb After a week of waiting anxiously, Tom’s letter finally arrived yesterday. Does NOT contain an adverbTom’s letter came in the mail.

30. Which of the following is the best definition for adverb?(Click on a definition to select your answer.) A word that modifies or describes a verb A word that tells who, what, or when A word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb None of the above Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

31. Try Again Look at this example. Yesterday, six swans swam very swiftly, yet gracefully, through the water. Think about what is described. What information is being added to the sentence? Click the arrow to try again.

32. You’re Right! An adverb is used to tell more about or modify a verb, adjective or other adverb. Adverbs often tell how, when, where, or to what extent something is happening. Adverbs are often formed by adding –ly to an adjective (slowly, quickly, helpfully).

33. Pronoun He took his one-ton backpack home. Think about the following sentences where pronouns are underlined correctly. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.

34. Another example: It scared him to death. Pronoun

35. More examples: Pronoun You could have knocked me over with a feather. Johnny, get yourself to my office right away!

36. Which of the following is the best definition for pronoun?(Click on a definition to select your answer.) A word that describes a person A word that shortens the action in the sentence A word that takes the place of a noun A word used in the place of an adjective Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

37. Try Again Think about the examples again. You could have knocked me over with a feather. Johnny, get yourself to my office right away! Are these taking the place of other words? What kind of words are they replacing? Click the arrow to try again.

38. You’re Right! Pronouns are words that are substitutes for nouns in a sentence. Pronouns are used to make writing more concise, less wordy. Be careful with pronouns. If you use too many then your writing becomes vague and confusing.

39. Take a look at the following sentences where the conjunctions are correctly underlined. Conjunction Charlie and his dog sprinted across the field. Charlie stopped, but his dog kept going. Should Charlie chase the dog or go home for dinner? Start thinking about what you think is best definition for this part of speech.

40. More examples: The boys and girls filled the halls and classrooms. It was strange that they didn’t bring paper or pencils. I was happy and sad at the same time; happy that school was starting, but sad that summer was over. Conjunctions

41. Which of the following is the best definition for a conjunction?(Click on a definition to select your answer.) A word that replaces a verb A word that joins words or groups of words A word that only describes actions Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

42. Try Again Think carefully about the words and, but, and or. What purpose are they serving in the sentence? Do they add description or help make connections? Click the arrow to try again.

43. You’re Right! Conjunctions are words that join words or phrases in a sentence. Conjunctions are also used in join ideas in compound sentences. Examples of compound sentences are: The boy forgot his homework. The boy bravely went to class. The boy forgot his homework, but bravely went to class.

44. Definition: Prepositions Think of it this way: A preposition helps to show relationships. For example, on and above show a relationship between the ball and the table. A preposition is a word or phrase that shows how a noun or a pronoun relates to another word in a sentence.

45. The following is a list of commonly used prepositions. about above across after against along among around at before behind below beneath beside between beyond but by down during for from in inside into like near of off on onto out outside over past through to toward under underneath until up upon with without Prepositions

46. More examples: The car danced across the icy road. The car skidded through the tunnel. The stars in the clear night sky winked at me. Suddenly the snow fell from the sky. Prepositions

47. Which of the following sentences has the preposition underlined correctly?(Click on a circle to select your answer.) The wind juggled the tree’s leaves. The wind blew the leaves from the trees. The wind moved the leaves from the tree. Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.

48. Try Again Think carefully about the choices. The wind juggled the tree’s leaves. The wind blew the leaves from the tree. The wind moved the leaves from the tree. Two of theses sentences contain the same preposition, but only one has it underlined correctly. Which one? Click the arrow to try again.

49. You’re Right! “The wind blew the leaves from the tree” has the preposition underlined correctly. The word from gives the relationship of the leaves to the tree.

50. Interjection Take a look at the following sentences where the interjections are correctly underlined. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech. Whoa baby! My parents just bought me a Wii! They asked me if I was happy, but all I could say was, oh my gosh. Yippee! I can’t wait to show my friends. Dude, they are going to be so jealous.