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HINDUISM

HINDUISM. Followers Called:. Hindus. Symbol:. Aum or Om. % of World Population:. 13.33%. # of adherents. 900 Million. Origins & History:. Indigenous (native) religion. Where Found?:. India. henotheistic – one deity (Brahman) with many forms. Deity & Universe:. Sacred Writing:.

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HINDUISM

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  1. HINDUISM

  2. Followers Called: Hindus Symbol: Aum or Om % of World Population: 13.33% # of adherents 900 Million

  3. Origins & History: Indigenous (native) religion Where Found?: India

  4. henotheistic – one deity (Brahman) with many forms. Deity & Universe: Sacred Writing: Vedas & Bhagavad Gita

  5. Human Situation & Life's Purpose: Humans are in bondage to ignorance and illusion, but are able to escape. Purpose is to gain release from rebirth, or at least a better rebirth. Afterlife: Reincarnation until reach enlightenment

  6. Practices and Rituals: • Yoga • Meditation • worship (puja) • devotion to a god or goddess • pilgrimage to holy cities • live according to one's dharma (purpose/ role).

  7. Pictures:

  8. Chinese Indigenous

  9. Followers Called: Symbol: 6.27% 394 million % of World Population: # of adherents

  10. Origins & History: Indigenous folk religion of China Where Found?: China

  11. Dualistic - yin and yang; mythological beings and folk deities Deity & Universe: Sacred Writing: None Human Situation & Life's Purpose: Purpose is a favorable life and peaceful afterlife, attained through rituals and honoring of ancestors

  12. Judgment, then reincarnation or temporary hell until gain a Buddhist-type paradise Afterlife: Practices and Rituals: • Ancestor worship & prayer • longevity practices • divination, prophecy and astrology, feng shui

  13. BUDDHISM

  14. Followers Called: Buddhists 8 Spoke Wheel / Wheel of Law Symbol: % of World Population: 5.87% 360 Million # of adherents

  15. Origins & History: Siddhartha Gautama - Buddha in 520 BCE – NE India Where Found?: Mongolia, Southeast Asia, China and Japan

  16. Deity & Universe: Buddha taught that nothing is permanent. Sacred Writing: • Tripitaka (Pali Canon); Mahayana sutras like the Lotus Sutra; others

  17. Human Situation & Life's Purpose: Purpose is to avoid suffering and gain enlightenment and release from cycle of rebirth, or at least attain a better rebirth by gaining merit. Afterlife: Nirvana - Enlightenment

  18. Practices and Rituals: • Meditation • Mantras (statement of belief repeated to aid concentration in meditation) • devotion to deities (in some sects)

  19. Pictures:

  20. SIKHISM

  21. Sikhs (pronounced Sic-khs (like khakhi)) Followers Called: Symbol: Khanda .39% 23 million % of World Population: # of adherents

  22. Guru Nanak, c. 1500 AD, Punjab, India. Origins & History: Where Found?: Kashmir and Punjab

  23. Henotheistic - Only one God in many forms. God: (Ik Onkar, Nam) Deity & Universe: Sacred Writing: Adi Granth (Sri Guru Granth Sahib) written in Gurumukhi (language created by Guru Nanak)

  24. Human Situation & Life's Purpose: Overcome the self, align life with will of God, and become a "saint soldier," fighting for good Reincarnation until resolve karma and merge with God Afterlife:

  25. Practices and Rituals: • Prayer and meditation on God's name • services at temple (gurdwara) • turban and five Ks: • (Kesa – long hair, kangah – comb, kacha – short pants, kara – metal bracelet, and Kirpan – ceremonial dagger) • Balance work, worship, and charity

  26. Pictures:

  27. Baha'i

  28. Baha’is Followers Called: Symbol: .12% 5-7 million % of World Population: # of adherents

  29. Founded by Bahá'u'lláh, 1863, Tehran, Iran . Origins & History: Where Found?: India, Middle East, and Asia

  30. One God, who has revealed himself progressively through major world religions Deity & Universe: Sacred Writing: Writings of Bahá'u'lláh and other Bahá'í leaders

  31. Human Situation & Life's Purpose: The soul is eternal and essentially good. Purpose of life is to develop spiritually and draw closer to God Soul separates from the body and begins a journey towards or away from God. Heaven and hell are states of being Afterlife:

  32. Practices and Rituals: • Daily prayer • avoidance of intoxicants • scripture reading • hard work, education, and work for social justice and equality • God is unknowable, but has sent great prophets: • Adam, Abraham, Moses, Krishna, Zoroaster, Buddha, Jesus Christ, Mohammed, The Bab, and Baha'u'llah (there will be more)

  33. CONFUCIANISM

  34. Followers Called: Confucians Symbol: Water symbol % of World Population: .10% # of adherents 5-6 Million

  35. Kung Fu Tzu / Confucius in 551-479 BCE - China Origins & History: Where Found?: China and Koreas

  36. Deity & Universe none – way of life - not religion x Sacred Writing: The Analects of Confucius

  37. Human Situation and Life's Purpose: Purpose in life is to fulfill one’s role in society with propriety, honor, and loyalty Not addressed Afterlife:

  38. Practices and Rituals: • Honesty, politeness, propriety, and humaness • Perform correct role in society • Loyal to family and nation • Many people practice Confucianism and another belief system.

  39. Pictures:

  40. Jainism

  41. Jains Followers Called: Symbol: .07% 4 million % of World Population: # of adherents

  42. Mahavira, c. 550 BC, eastern India . Origins & History: Where Found?: Mostly in India

  43. The universe is eternal; many gods exist. Gods, humans and all living things are classified in a complex hierarchy Deity & Universe: Sacred Writing: teachings of Mahavira in various collections.

  44. Human Situation & Life's Purpose: The soul is uncreated and eternal and can attain perfect divinity by avoiding all bad karma Reincarnation until liberation Afterlife:

  45. Practices and Rituals: • Five Great Vows (Non-Violence, Truth, Celibacy, Non-Stealing, Non-Possessiveness) • worship at temples and at home • Meditation and mantras

  46. SHINTOISM

  47. Followers Called: Shintos Symbol: Torii Gate .04% 3-4 million % of World Population: # of adherents

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